Which condition results from viral infection and is a known cause of heart failure?

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium) that often occurs as a result of a viral infection. This condition can lead to damage of the heart tissue, impacting its ability to pump blood effectively. When the myocardium is inflamed, it can disrupt normal heart function, which can ultimately contribute to the development of heart failure.

In contrast, pericarditis refers to inflammation of the pericardium, the protective sac surrounding the heart, and while it can cause chest pain and other symptoms, it is not primarily responsible for heart failure. Cardiomyopathy is a broader term that describes diseases of the heart muscle but is not always related to a viral infection; it can have several causes, including genetic issues and chronic alcohol use. Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, typically due to bacteria rather than viral infections.

By recognizing myocarditis as a condition directly tied to viral infections, we understand its significance in the cascade of events that can lead to heart failure. Therefore, identifying myocarditis as the correct answer emphasizes the connection between viral infections and subsequent heart complications.