Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with adult learners?

The characteristic of reliance on others for direction is not typically associated with adult learners because adult education emphasizes self-directed learning. Adults generally prefer to take responsibility for their own learning process and are motivated to learn by personal or professional goals they wish to achieve.

In contrast to dependence on instructors or guided learning, adult learners thrive in environments where they can explore and engage with materials independently. This intrinsic motivation often leads them to actively seek out resources and knowledge that align with their individual experiences and life situations. Therefore, highlighting that adult learners tend to steer their own educational journey illustrates why reliance on others for direction does not fit the profile of a typical adult learner.

In a similar vein, the other characteristics, such as self-directed learning, resistance to change, and voluntary participation, are indeed common traits among adult learners. They often prefer learning that is relevant to their lives and may exhibit cynicism or resistance when faced with learning that seems imposed or irrelevant.