What type of cardiomyopathy can occur postpartum?

Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a type of heart disease that occurs during the last month of pregnancy or within five months after delivery. It is characterized by the deterioration of heart function in women who previously had no apparent heart issues. This condition is considered a form of dilated cardiomyopathy, and it primarily affects women of childbearing age. The exact cause is not completely understood, but factors such as increased blood volume, hormonal changes, and possible underlying heart conditions may contribute to its development.

The recognition of peripartum cardiomyopathy is crucial because timely diagnosis and management can significantly improve outcomes for affected women. Early identification includes monitoring for symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and edema, which may mimic normal pregnancy changes but can indicate worsening heart function. Treatment often involves medications similar to those used in heart failure, along with supportive care tailored to the individual’s needs.

Other types of cardiomyopathy listed may have distinct characteristics and causes that do not align specifically with the postpartum timeframe or the physiological changes that occur during and after pregnancy.