What parameters should be monitored 1 to 2 weeks after initiating or up-titrating an ACE inhibitor?

Monitoring renal function and potassium levels is essential after initiating or increasing the dosage of an ACE inhibitor. These medications can impact kidney function and alter potassium balance due to their effects on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

ACE inhibitors can cause an increase in serum creatinine levels, which indicates a change in renal function. It's important to track this parameter closely to ensure that the kidneys are tolerating the medication effectively. Additionally, ACE inhibitors can lead to hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in the blood, as they can reduce aldosterone secretion. Monitoring potassium levels allows for timely interventions if levels become dangerously high, which can lead to serious cardiac complications.

The other options involve parameters that are less directly influenced by ACE inhibitors. Blood glucose and heart rate are not primary concerns immediately following the initiation of this medication. Respiratory rate and weight could provide some useful information, particularly in heart failure management, but they do not specifically address the pharmacologic effects of ACE inhibitors. Fluid intake and urine output are valuable metrics in heart failure management, yet they do not provide specific insights into the critical parameters affected by ACE inhibitor therapy as clearly as renal function and potassium levels do.