What is cardiac amyloidosis?

Cardiac amyloidosis is characterized by the buildup of abnormal proteins, known as amyloid fibrils, that accumulate in the heart tissue. This deposition leads to structural changes in the heart, affecting its ability to function properly. The presence of these amyloid deposits can result in stiffening of the heart muscle, which impairs the heart's capacity to pump blood effectively. Consequently, patients may develop heart failure symptoms due to this impaired cardiac function.

This condition can present with a range of symptoms, including shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling due to fluid overload. Understanding this pathophysiology is crucial for nursing practitioners who manage patients with cardiac amyloidosis, as recognizing the signs and coordinating appropriate interventions can significantly impact patient care and outcomes.