What is a common side effect of hydralazine?

Hydralazine is a medication primarily used as a vasodilator to treat hypertension and heart failure. One of its common side effects is hypotension, which occurs because hydralazine works by relaxing the smooth muscles in blood vessels, leading to their dilation. This mechanism results in a decrease in systemic vascular resistance and, consequently, lowers blood pressure. While hypotension can benefit patients with high blood pressure or heart failure by reducing afterload, it is essential for healthcare providers to monitor for signs of low blood pressure, especially when starting the medication or adjusting the dosage.

In contrast, increased heart rate can occur as a reflex response to hypotension but is not a direct side effect of hydralazine. Dry mouth is not a typical side effect associated with this medication. Weight gain may occur due to fluid retention or other factors unrelated to hydralazine's direct effects. Understanding the side effects of hydralazine is crucial for nursing practice and patient safety.