What cardiovascular outcomes are associated with SGLT2 inhibitors?

SGLT2 inhibitors have been shown to improve various cardiovascular outcomes, making the option regarding improved cardiovascular risk factors, such as weight reduction and an enhanced lipid profile, the correct choice. These medications help in the management of heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases by promoting diuresis, leading to weight loss and a reduction in blood pressure. They also have favorable effects on lipid metabolism, which can contribute to better overall cardiovascular health.

In contrast, other options do not reflect the known benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors. For instance, an increase in blood pressure is contrary to the diuretic and blood pressure-lowering effects these drugs typically have. Decreased heart rate variability is often a negative sign in cardiovascular health, and this does not reflect the positive effects of SGLT2 inhibitors. Similarly, higher cholesterol levels contradict the beneficial effects on lipid profiles that these medications typically promote. Thus, the correct answer emphasizes the role of SGLT2 inhibitors in improving cardiovascular risk factors.